For the second time since 2017, the Guttman Center for Public Opinion and Policy Research of the Israel Democracy Institute (IDI) has conducted an in-depth analysis of the complex relationships between Israel’s Arab and Jewish citizens, and between citizens and the state. The study focused on three broad areas: The state and state institutions, group relations, and individual relations and identity. IDI found that while attitudes have shifted to some degree in all areas, the greatest gaps and tension between Arabs and Jews remain in attitudes towards the state and its institutions. In contrast, the survey found low levels of tension in relations between groups of Jewish and Arab citizens, and very low tensions in relationships between individuals. IDI produced an infographic summary of the study.