The Or Commission, headed by Justice Theodore Or, was established by the government of Israel to investigate the October 2000 events. These events, according to the report, "shook the earth" when 12 Arab citizens of Israel; one Jewish citizen of Israel and one resident of the Gaza Strip were killed. The Or Commission's mandate was to investigate the events and their causes and submit recommendations for intervention to the government. The Commission emphasized the urgent need to take immediate and long-term corrective measures. Among the Commission's findings were that Israel's Arab citizens constitute the "most sensitive and important domestic issue facing Israel today" and that the state must "initiate, develop, and operate programs emphasizing budgets that will close gaps in education, housing, industrial development, employment, and services."
This section includes an official summation of the Or Commission Report; additional reports monitoring the implementation of the Commission's recommendations and Task Force study trip reports.